Hillsboro Gas Processing Plant - Executive Summary

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DUKE ENERGY FIELD SERVICES, INC. 
Hillsboro Gas Processing Facility 
 
 
Executive Summary 
 
 
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE PREVENTION AND RESPONSE POLICIES 
 
The Hillsboro Gas Processing Facility has a long-standing commitment to worker and public safety.  This commitment is demonstrated by the resources invested in accident prevention, such as training personnel and considering safety in the design, installation, operation, and maintenance of our processes.  Our policy is to implement reasonable controls to prevent foreseeable releases of regulated substances.  However, if a release does occur, gas plant trained personnel will respond to control and contain the release. 
 
DESCRIPTION OF THE STATIONARY SOURCE AND REGULATED SUBSTANCES 
 
The Hillsboro Gas Plant, located near Cement, Oklahoma, uses cryogenic fractionation to separate ethane and heavier hydrocarbons from raw wellhead gas to produce marketable natural gas.  As a result of this operation, several EPA regulated flammable substances are process 
ed, recovered, and stored at the facility (e.g., methane, ethane, propane, iso-butane, n-butane, iso-pentane and n-pentane).  The Hillsboro plant does not use or store any regulated toxic substances above the EPA set threshold levels. 
 
OFFSITE CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS RESULTS 
 
There is no worst-case scenario (WCS) associated with toxic substances in the Program Level 3 process at the gas plant.  The plant does not use or store any regulated toxic substances at or above the EPA set threshold levels.  
 
The worst-case scenario (WCS) associated with a release of flammable substances in the Program Level 3 process at the gas plant is a vapor cloud explosion (VCE) resulting from a release of 150,000 pounds (100% of tank capacity) of liquid product (mixture of propane, butanes, and pentanes) from the plant's largest vessel, the Product Surge Tank.  Although we have numerous controls to prevent such releases and to manage their consequences, no credit for administrative controls or active or passi 
ve mitigation measures was taken into account in evaluating this WCS.  The maximum distance to the 1-psi endpoint for this WCS is 0.4 miles.  
 
The selected alternative release scenario (ARS) for flammable substances at the gas plant is a vapor cloud explosion resulting from the release of 2,900 pounds per minute of butane vapor due to a quickly filling the condensate tanks.  The maximum distance to the 1-psi endpoint for this ARS is 0.2 miles.  This event was selected as being a practical scenario for use in emergency planning and response.   
 
GENERAL ACCIDENTAL RELEASE PREVENTION PROGRAM 
 
The following is a summary of the accidental release prevention program in place at the plant.  Because processes at the gas plant that are regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Risk Management Program regulation are also subject to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA's) process safety management (PSM) standard, this summary addresses each of the OSHA PSM el 
ements and describes the management system in place to implement the accident prevention program. 
 
Employee Participation 
 
The Hillsboro Gas Plant encourages employees to participate in all facets of process safety management and accident prevention.  Examples of employee participation range from updating and compiling process safety information to participation as a member of a process hazard analysis (PHA) team.  Employees have access to all information created as part of the gas plant's PSM and accident prevention programs.  Specific ways that employees can be involved in the accident prevention program are documented in an employee participation plan that is maintained at the gas plant and addresses each element of the accident prevention program.  In addition, the gas plant has a number of initiatives under way that address process safety and employee safety issues.  These initiatives include plant safety meetings and safety training to promote both process and personal safety.   
 
 
Process Safety Information 
 
The Hillsboro Gas Plant keeps a variety of technical documents that are used to help maintain safe operation of the processes.  These documents address chemical properties and associated hazards, limits for key process parameters and specific chemical inventories, and equipment design basis/configuration information.  The Safety Department, in conjunction with plant personnel, is assigned the responsibility for maintaining up-to-date process safety information.  A PSM and EHS Files list has been prepared to help employees readily locate any necessary process safety information. 
 
Chemical-specific information, including exposure hazards and emergency response/exposure treatment considerations, is provided in material safety data sheets (MSDS).  This information is supplemented by documents that specifically address known corrosion concerns and any known hazards associated with the inadvertent mixing of chemicals.  For specific process areas, the gas plant ha 
s documented safety-related limits for specific process parameters (e.g., temperature, level, pressure) in the plant's Operating Procedures.  The gas plant ensures that the process is maintained within these limits using process controls and monitoring instruments, highly trained personnel, and protective instrument systems (e.g., automated shutdown systems). 
 
The gas plant also maintains numerous technical documents that provide information about the design and construction of process equipment.  This information includes material of construction, design pressure and temperature ratings, and electrical rating of equipment.  This information, in combination with trained personnel, provides a basis for establishing inspection and maintenance activities, as well as for evaluating proposed process and facility changes to ensure that safety features in the process are not compromised. 
 
Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) 
 
The Hillsboro Gas Plant has a comprehensive program to help ensure that ha 
zards associated with the various processes are identified and controlled.  Within this program, each process is systematically examined to identify hazards and ensure that adequate controls are in place to manage these hazards. 
 
The Hillsboro Gas Plant primarily uses the What-if/Check list analysis technique to perform these evaluations.  OSHA and the EPA recognize the What-if/Checklist analysis technique as an approved method for conducting PHAs.  Plant PHAs are conducted using a team of people who have operating and maintenance experience as well as engineering and safety expertise.  The team identifies and evaluates hazards of the process as well as accident prevention and mitigation measures, and the team makes suggestions for additional prevention and/or mitigation measures when the team believes such measures are necessary. 
 
The PHA team findings are forwarded to the company's corporate Safety Department for resolution.  Implementation of mitigation options in response to PHA fi 
ndings is based on a relative risk ranking assigned by the PHA team.  This ranking helps ensure that potential accident scenarios assigned the highest risk receive immediate attention.  All approved mitigation options in response to PHA team findings are tracked until they are completed.  The final resolution of each finding is documented and retained. 
 
To help ensure that the process controls and/or process hazards do not eventually deviate significantly from the original design safety features, the plant periodically updates and revalidates the hazard analysis results.  These periodic reviews are conducted at least every 5 years and will be conducted at this frequency until the process is no longer operating.  The results and findings from these updates are documented and retained.  Once again, the team findings are forwarded to management for consideration, and the final resolution of the findings is documented and retained. 
 
Operating Procedures 
 
The Hillsboro Gas Plant maintains w 
ritten procedures that address various modes of process operations, such as (1) unit startup, (2) normal operations, (3) temporary operations, (4) emergency shutdown, (5) normal shutdown, and (6) initial startup of a new process.  These procedures can be used as a reference by experienced operators and provide a basis for consistent training of new operators.  These procedures are periodically reviewed and annually certified as current and accurate.  The procedures are kept current and accurate by revising them as necessary to reflect changes made through the management of change process. 
 
In addition, Hillsboro Gas Plant's Operating Procedures provide guidance on how to respond to process equipment operating outside their upper or lower limits.  Operating Procedures are readily available to operators and other personnel to use as necessary to safely perform their job tasks. 
 
Training 
 
To complement the written procedures for process operations, the Hillsboro Gas Plant has implemented  
a comprehensive training program for all employees involved in operating a process.  New employees receive basic training in gas plant operations if they are not already familiar with such operations.  After successfully completing this training, a new operator is paired with a senior operator to learn process-specific duties and tasks.  After operators demonstrate (e.g., through tests, skills demonstration) having adequate knowledge to perform the duties and tasks in a safe manner on their own, they can work independently.  In addition, all operators periodically receive refresher training on the operating procedures to ensure that their skills and knowledge are maintained at an acceptable level.  This refresher training is conducted at least every 3 years.  All of this training is documented for each operator, including the means used to verify that the operator understood the training. 
 
Contractors 
 
The Hillsboro Gas Plant uses contractors to supplement its workforce during periods  
of increased maintenance or construction activities.  Because some contractors work on or near process equipment, the gas plant has procedures in place to ensure that contractors (1) perform their work in a safe manner, (2) have the appropriate knowledge and skills, (3) are aware of the hazards in their workplace, (4) understand what they should do in the event of an emergency, (5) understand and follow site safety rules, and (6) inform gas plant personnel of any hazards that they find during their work.  This is accomplished by providing contractors with (1) a process overview, (2) information about safety and health hazards, (3) emergency response plan requirements, and (4) safe work practices prior to their beginning work.  In addition, the Hillsboro Gas Plant evaluates contractor safety programs to generate an approved contractor list.  Gas plant personnel periodically monitor contractor performance to ensure that contractors are fulfilling their safety obligations. 
 
Pre-startup Sa 
fety Reviews (PSSRs) 
 
The Hillsboro Gas Plant conducts a PSSR for any new facility or facility modification that requires a change in the process safety information.  The purpose of the PSSR is to ensure that safety features, procedures, personnel, and equipment are appropriately prepared for startup prior to placing the equipment into service.  This review provides one additional check to make sure construction is in accordance with the design specifications and that all supporting systems are operationally ready.  The PSSR review team will use checklists to verify all aspects of readiness.  A PSSR involves field verification of the construction and serves a quality assurance function by requiring verification that accident prevention program requirements are properly implemented. 
 
Mechanical Integrity 
 
The Hillsboro Gas Plant has established practices and procedures to maintain pressure vessels, piping systems, relief and vent systems, controls, and pumps, and emergency shutdown syst 
ems in a safe operating condition.  The basic aspects of this program include:  (1) conducting training, (2) developing written procedures, (3) performing inspections and tests, (4) correcting identified deficiencies, and (5) applying quality assurance measures.  In combination, these activities form a system that maintains the mechanical integrity of the process. 
 
Maintenance personnel receive training on (1) an overview of the process, (2) safety and health hazards, (3) applicable maintenance procedures, (4) emergency response plans, and (5) applicable safe work practices to help ensure that they can perform their jobs in a safe manner.  Equipment manufacturers' written procedures help ensure that work is performed in a consistent manner and provide a basis for training.  Inspections and tests are performed to help ensure that equipment functions as intended and to verify that equipment is within acceptable limits (e.g., adequate wall thickness for pressure vessels).  If a deficiency 
is identified, employees will correct the deficiency before placing the equipment back into service (if possible), or determine what actions are necessary to ensure the safe operation of the equipment. 
 
Another integral part of the mechanical integrity program is quality assurance.  The Hillsboro Gas Plant incorporates quality assurance measures into equipment purchases and repair.  This helps ensure that new equipment is suitable for its intended use and that proper materials and spare parts are used when repairs are made. 
 
Safe Work Practices 
 
The Hillsboro Gas Plant has long-standing safe work practices in place to help ensure worker and process safety.  Examples of these include (1) control of the entry/presence/exit of support personnel, (2) a lockout/tagout procedure to ensure isolation of energy sources for equipment undergoing maintenance, (3) a procedure for safe removal of hazardous substances before process piping or equipment is opened, (4) a permit and procedure to contro 
l spark-producing activities (i.e., hot work), and (5) a permit and procedure to ensure that adequate precautions are in place before entry into a confined space.  These procedures (and others), along with training of affected personnel, form a system to help ensure that operations and maintenance activities are performed safely. 
 
Management of Change 
 
The Hillsboro Gas Plant has a comprehensive system to manage changes to all covered processes.  This system requires that changes to items such as process equipment, chemicals, technology (including process operating conditions), procedures, and other facility changes to be properly reviewed and authorized before being implemented.  Changes are reviewed to (1) ensure that adequate controls are in place to manage any new hazards and (2) verify that existing controls have not been compromised by the change.  Affected chemical hazard information, process operating limits, and equipment information, as well as procedures are updated to incor 
porate these changes.  In addition, operating and maintenance personnel are provided any necessary training on the change. 
 
Incident Investigation 
 
Duke Energy's Safety Department promptly investigates all incidents that resulted in, or reasonably could have resulted in, a fire/explosion, toxic gas release, major property damage, environmental loss, or personal injury.  The goal of each investigation is to determine the facts and develop corrective actions to prevent a recurrence of the incident or a similar incident.  The investigation team documents its findings, develops recommendations to prevent a recurrence, and forwards these results to management for resolution.  Corrective actions taken in response to the investigation team's findings and recommendations are tracked until they are complete.  The final resolution of each finding or recommendation is documented, and the investigation results are reviewed with all employees (including contractors) who could be affected by the fin 
dings.  Incident investigation reports are retained for at least 5 years so that the reports can be reviewed during future PHAs and PHA revalidations. 
 
Compliance Audits 
 
To help ensure that the accident prevention program is functioning properly, the Hillsboro Gas Plant periodically conducts an audit to determine whether the procedures and practices required by the accident prevention program are being implemented.  Compliance audits are conducted at least every 3 years.  Audit findings are forwarded to the company's Safety Department for resolution.  Both hourly and staff personnel participate in the audits. Corrective actions taken in response to the audit finding are tracked until they are complete.  The final resolution of each finding is documented and the two most recent audit reports are retained. 
 
CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC PREVENTION STEPS 
 
The processes at the Hillsboro Gas Plant have hazards that must be managed to ensure continued safe operation.  The following is a description of  
existing safety features applicable to prevention of accidental releases of regulated substances in the facility. 
 
Universal Prevention Activities 
 
The accidental release prevention program summarized previously is applied to all RMP-covered processes at the Hillsboro Gas Plant.  Collectively, these prevention program activities help prevent potential accident scenarios that could be caused by equipment failures and human errors. 
 
Specialized Safety Features 
 
The Hillsboro Gas Plant has safety features on many units to help (1) contain/control a release, (2) quickly detect a release, and (3) reduce the consequences of (mitigate) a release.  The following types of safety features are used in the covered processes: 
 
   Release Detection 
 
1. Routine operator inspection. 
 
2.  Fire detectors. 
 
   Release Containment/Control 
 
1. Process relief valves that prevent vessel over pressurization. 
 
2. Valves to permit isolation of the process (manual or automated). 
 
3. Automated shutdown systems for  
specific process parameters (e.g., high temperature). 
 
4. Curbing or diking to contain liquid releases. 
 
5. Redundant equipment and instrumentation. 
 
   Release Mitigation 
 
1. Fire suppression and extinguishing systems. 
 
2. Trained emergency response personnel.  
 
3. Personal protective equipment (e.g., hard hat, safety glasses, protective clothing). 
 
 
FIVE-YEAR ACCIDENT HISTORY 
 
The Hillsboro Gas plant has an excellent record of accident prevention over the past 5 years.  No incident has lead to onsite injuries, deaths, or significant damage or offsite injuries, deaths, evacuations, sheltering in place, property damage, or environmental damage.  We investigate every incident very carefully to determine ways to prevent similar incidents from recurring.  
 
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROGRAM INFORMATION 
 
The Hillsboro Gas Plant maintains a written emergency response plan, which is in place to protect worker and public safety as well as the environment.  The plan consists of procedures for respon 
ding to a release of a regulated substance, including the possibility of a fire or explosion if a flammable substance is accidentally released.  The procedures address all aspects of emergency response, including proper first aid and medical treatment for exposures, evacuation plans and accounting for personnel after an evacuation, notification of local emergency response agencies and the public if a release occurs, and post incident cleanup and decontamination requirements.  In addition, the plant has procedures that address maintenance, inspection, and testing of emergency response equipment, as well as instructions that address the use of emergency response equipment.  Employees receive training in these procedures as necessary to perform their specific emergency response duties.  The emergency response plan is updated when necessary based on modifications made to Hillsboro Gas Plant processes or other Duke Energy facilities.  Personnel are informed of and trained in any changes to  
the emergency response plan. 
 
The overall emergency response plan for the Hillsboro Gas Plant is coordinated with the Grady County Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC).  This coordination includes periodic meetings of the committee, which includes local emergency response officials, local government officials, and industry representatives.  The Hillsboro Gas Plant has effective communications capability with appropriate LEPC officials and emergency response organizations (e.g., fire department).  This provides a means of notifying the public of an incident, if necessary, as well as facilitating quick response to an incident.  In addition to periodic LEPC meetings, the Hillsboro Gas plant conducts periodic emergency drills, and the gas plant provides periodic refresher training to local emergency responders regarding the hazards of regulated substances in the gas plant. 
 
PLANNED CHANGES TO IMPROVE SAFETY 
 
The Hillsboro Gas Plant resolves all findings from PHAs, some of which result 
in modifications to the process.  Multiple upgrades to the facility are planned over the next few years in response to PHA, safety audit, and incident investigation findings.
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